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Eleventh Hour at the Manila Bulletin

Eleventh Hour: Animating local climate research through ‘Sanga Pulo’ media campaign

Eleventh Hour: Animating local climate research through ‘Sanga Pulo’ media campaign

By Salikhain Kolektib

In 2013, when Typhoon Yolanda hit the Philippines, it made its first landfall in a small island called Sulu-an, a few kilometers off the coast of Guiuan, Eastern Samar.

 

While most people know of Yolanda’s destruction in Tacloban and other major cities in the Visayas, most Filipinos have not heard of the island-barangay of Sulu-an. The small-island community faced the same wind and rain that wreaked havoc on nearby cities on the mainland. Fortunately, Sulu-an survived Yolanda with zero casualties.

 

Salikhain Kolektib, an art and research group focusing on environmental action, created “Sanga Pulo: Sampung Sanga-sangang Kwentong Klima ng mga Pulo,” a media campaign highlighting the plight and stories of resilience from small-island communities in the Philippines like Sulu-an.

“Sanga Pulo” is a 10-episode short animation series that follows the diary of a teenager who lives on a small island. This fictional story revolves around Tala, who is at a crossroads as she faces the question of leaving their island if she wants to go to college. Through Tala’s eyes, we learn about her home island, their daily realities, and how the changing climate is already affecting their community.

Salikhain Kolektib created the story based on research, media publications, and interviews from their friends from Sulu-an Island.

Of the 7,600 islands that make up the Philippines, many are classified as small islands. This definition considers physical dimension, population density, and number of social services and resources. These places are already experiencing the effects of climate change, such as sea-level rise and extreme weather patterns, just like Typhoon Yolanda. And while some environmental scientists and climate researchers have their eye on these island communities, our national consciousness and the media attention on the risks these places face are still lacking.

The “Sanga Pulo” media campaign highlights the importance of listening to the voices of small-island communities not only because they are one of the most vulnerable communities to the risks of climate change, but also because they have a wealth of knowledge when it comes to being resilient.

Many small-island communities are considered to be geographically isolated, which means they lack access to many public and private social services, such as large stores and markets, tertiary education, hospitals, the internet, and sometimes even telecommunication, television networks, electricity, and potable water. Because of this, small-island communities adapt differently from communities on the mainland. They rely on what is available to them—their local knowledge, the limited natural resources that they have, and other materials found in their islands.

Because small-island communities rely on fishing for their food and livelihood, access to high-quality ropes is ubiquitous. They do not only use ropes for their small boats and vessels but also for tying roofs of houses to the ground to help fend against strong typhoons. These small-island communities’ resourcefulness and resilience on disasters are featured in the “Sanga Pulo” series.

As a collective that is interested in science communication through art, Salikhain Kolektib emphasizes the role of creativity in communicating complex issues, such as climate change and disasters. They use what they call ABCDE, or art-based communication for development and education, in their projects to make them engaging and understandable to the communities that they partner with, whether onsite or online. They hope that “Sanga Pulo” can become a learning experience for people to be more aware of the impacts of climate change in small islands, and also an inspiration for small-island communities in amplifying their voices for climate justiceThe “Sanga Pulo” media campaign ended with an online multi-stakeholder forum where the collective invited speakers Dr. Emma Porio and Engr. Khim Cathleen Saddi from Coastal Cities at Risk Philippines, and Ma. Christita ‘Babie’ Abulencia-Alido, a resident of Sulu-an Island.

The forum, which took place on Nov. 8, 2021, started with the premiere of the last episode of “Sanga Pulo.” Afterward, the speakers gave their responses to the media campaign and gave presentations on small islands based on their research and experiences. The forum was also attended by members from small-island and coastal communities, including Sulu-an Island, Bantayan Islands, and Dingalan, Aurora. The video recording of the online forum can be accessed through Salikhain Kolektib’s Facebook page.

The 10 episodes of “Sanga Pulo” are available for streaming through Facebook, Instagram, Tiktok, and YouTube. You can also visit salikhainkolektib.com for updates.

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Salikhain Kolektib is one of the recipients of the Umalohokan Fellowship to the Climate Media Labs and Umalohokan Grants under the Oscar M. Lopez Center’s Balangay Media Project—a program designed to support local media practitioners and climate change advocates by building their capacities for science-based reporting and utilizing traditional, new, and out-of-home media to promote climate change adaptation and resilience-building of communities.

The Climate Reality Project Philippines is a media partner of the 2021 Balangay Media Project.
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ABOUT THE AUTHORS

Ralph C. Lumbres is an interdisciplinary artist. His works transect disciplines, from visual arts (sculpture, installation, and video), design, performance, education, and community-engaged projects. He is the founder and a managing member of Salikhain Kolektib (formerly Prodjx Artist Community), an interdisciplinary collective that creates participatory art and research projects in communities in the Philippines. He was an artist-in-residence for Koganecho Bazaar 2020, and PARADISE AIR Longstay Program 2021.

Juan Miguel Torres is a freelance researcher focused on studies about disaster risk reduction and the environment. A freelance photographer and communications consultant for humanitarian organizations, he specializes in designing and conducting photovoice projects—a participatory action research approach that empowers communities to document their own realities using still cameras. He is the current project manager of the Lahat Dapat: Toolkit for Inclusive DRR innovation project, an initiative funded by ELHRA and Humanitarian Innovation Fund.

Eric Sister is a freelance Filipino videographer, video editor, and community worker with extensive experience on interacting with people of diverse culture and social background. He has recently worked for the University of the Philippines Resilience Institute (UPRI). Along with the group Sine Sanyata, his work ‘Kontrol’ was among the videos showcased in the feature exhibition in 2020 Gawad Alternatibo event held by the Cultural Center of the Philippines. His work ‘Obrero’ won first prize in the animation category of the University of the Philippines’ ‘PAG-AALAY webXHIBITION & FESTIVAL’ in 2021.

Ness Roque is a theater and film actor, performance-maker, dramaturg, and educator. She was a core member of Manila-based contemporary performance company, Sipat Lawin Ensemble (2009–2018) and was a learning experience designer of the education startup, Habi Education Lab (2017-2019). She is a co-founder of Salikhain Kolektib.

Maricon Montajes is a video editor and freelance filmmaker. She is the video designer for Huni at Pakpak, a stage play for the CCP’S Festival of Women’ s Plays 2020. She is also the video editor and director of Salugpongan and Sining Sandata, which both won 1st prize in the 1st UP PAG-AALAY webXHIBITION & FESTIVAL. Her recent work, Sanib Lakas, also won Top 2 Judges’ Choice in Year 2 of CNN Reel Filipina: A Digital Shorts Competition (2021).

Astrid Sister is an independent writer and researcher, with almost a decade of experience in quantitative and qualitative research for various organizations in the development sector. Most of her research experience falls under education, disaster risk reduction and management, gender, and children’s rights. She is a co-founder and currently serves as the Program Development Director of Strategic Development Research Institute, Inc., a non-profit organization focused on providing policy research, capacity building, and technical assistance in various social and economic development areas.

Rye Tipay is a graphic designer for more than 10 years now. After moving to Dingalan, Aurora in 2016, he became part of Aurora Artists Residency Program and Space (AARPS) as one of the local organizers. In 2018, he was the workshop scholar of the Photojournalist Center of the Philippines’ 13th Professional Documentary Photography and Photojournalism workshop. He has been part of community-based art projects done by ProdJx Artist Community funded by Tuklas Innovations and Japan Foundation and recent graphic design work for NGOs.

ABOUT ELEVENTH HOUR

This article was originally published on The Climate Reality Project Philippines’ weekly column for the Manila Bulletin called Eleventh Hour.

This column serves a digital space to discuss our organization’s work on supporting the country’s just transition into a clean, affordable, and self-sufficient energy system; advancing sustainable urban mobility to highlight the issues of equity and democracy; and raising public awareness about the need to phase out single-use plastics. It also serves as a platform for Pinoy Climate Reality Leaders to share your stories, promote your climate initiatives, and provide critical insights to issues that matter to climate action, environmental protection, and sustainable development.

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#RealiTalk Blog Feature

#RealiTalk: Strengthening Local Climate Change Adaptation Actions with Vice Mayor Alfredo Coro II

#RealiTalk: Strengthening Local Climate Change Adaptation Actions with Vice Mayor Alfredo Coro II

For this month’s Realitalk, we talked to Pinoy Climate Reality Leader Alfredo Coro II about the impacts of Typhoon Odette (international name Rai) on the municipality of Del Carmen, Surigao Del Norte where he serves as Vice Mayor. 

 
In this Realitalk feature, Vice Mayor Coro walked us through the climate change adaptation and disaster risk reduction measures implemented in his municipality that helped reduce loss and damage from Odette—from climate change education, mangrove rehabilitation, establishment of sea walls against storm surges to the conduct of climate and disaster risk assessment and updating of local climate change action and disaster risk reduction plans.
 
Vice Mayor Coro also reflected on other measures needed to further build community resilience against weather events made more extreme by the prevailing climate emergency. He emphasized the need to drive investments to local climate change solutions, as well as the need for the national government and the private sector to work closely together with local government units on resilience building.
 
THE ONSLAUGHT OF TYPHOON ODETTE IS ANOTHER TESTAMENT TO THE WORSENING IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE IN THE COUNTRY. WHAT IS THE EXTENT OF THE DAMAGE IN DEL CARMEN? HOW DID THE MUNICIPALITY PREPARE FOR THIS CLIMATE-RELATED EVENT? 

With the initial assessment that the typhoon classification of Odette being a Storm Signal #3, the Local Government of Del Carmen prepared the pre-disaster protocols and initial response protocols per Storm Signal #3 defined process.

Pre-emptive evacuation was done for all coastal and inland communities with pre-packed food items ready for distribution. Evacuation centers were designated with schools, public buildings, and some private homes as designed by our Municipal Disaster Risk Reduction (MDRR) Plan. The health team was ready for the immediate response and the MDRR, with the Philippine National Police (PNP), Bureau of Fire Protection (BFP), and Philippine Coast Guard (PCG), was ready for debris clearing to prepare for our road access. 

Aftermath of Typhoon Odette in Del Carmen, Surigao Del Norte (Photo from Vice Mayor Coro)

On December 16, 2021, when Odette made landfall in the Municipality of Del Carmen, it was classified as a category 5 typhoon with the same intensity as Typhoon Haiyan (Yolanda). As part of being ground zero, the typhoon and the tornadoes that came with it damaged and ravaged 100 percent of private and public infrastructure, 4942 homes, affecting the lives and livelihood of 6724 families. All of Del Carmen was left in ruins. 

Given the extent of the damage of a Category 5 typhoon and empathizing with the employees as victims themselves, we allowed at least three days for each government employee to stabilize personal needs before we called them to report back to the office to start the mobilization efforts for response and relief operations. By December 30, 2021, the local government unit of Del Carmen released its first Situational Report, raised the flag, and completed two rounds of food assistance addressing the immediate needs of hunger, which resulted in zero percent crime in affected areas. 

HOW DID THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC AFFECT PRE- AND POST-DISASTER EFFORTS? WHAT ARE THE CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION AND DISASTER RISK REDUCTION MEASURES BEING IMPLEMENTED BY THE MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT BEFORE TYPHOON ODETTE HIT? HOW DID THESE MEASURES HELP IN REDUCING LOSS AND DAMAGE FROM THE RECENT EXTREME WEATHER EVENT? 

The COVID-19 risk was factored in already in the pre-disaster engagement with identified isolation facilities ready in both municipal and barangay levels separate from the identified evacuation centers.

During the landfall of Typhoon Odette, LGU Del Carmen and Siargao Islands had zero reported COVID cases. Thus, the risk for COVID infection was relatively low. Since 2020, Del Carmen never had an outbreak managing any risks that may arise from COVID threats through policy and process management.

Disaster risk reduction measures and disaster preparations have included the conduct of massive regular information, education, and communication efforts in every community, organization of Barangay Disaster Risk Reduction (BDRR) mechanisms and incorporating Barangay Health Emergency Response Teams (BHERT) operations, identification of evacuation centers and conduct of the pre-emptive evacuation procedures prior to the landfall, and the conduct of massive COVID vaccination drive to achieve 70 percent herd immunity prior to the Typhoon Odette landfall. The IEC and process validations are part of the Seal of Health Governance, an internationally recognized local government innovation, which was relaunched last September 2021, assuring the community of their active role in disaster management.

Del Carmen was already conducting climate change adaptation processes with the following initiatives pre-Odette: 

  1. Rehabilitation of the Del Carmen Mangrove Forest, the largest contiguous Mangrove Forest in the Philippines, which led to additional reforestation of at least 600 hectares in the last eight years and zero percent mangrove cutting.
  2. Management of Sustainable Fishery through Marine Protected Areas, setting up of the MultiSpecie Hatchery, and piloting of Mariculture Platform leading to 98 percent reduction in illegal fishing activities.
  3. Establishment of seawall as the engineered barrier for storm surge or tsunami impact to island communities of Caub, Del Carmen and San Jose.
  4. Setting of Telemed Program for Health Sector to allow island-based communities access to health care.
  5. Setting of Boat Bus Setup for the Students residing in islets to be educated from elementary to high school. 
  6. Conduct of studies on the impact of climate change on our biodiversity and enactment of key policies to strengthen the resiliency of the ecosystem classified as Key Biodiversity Area.
  7. Integrating Climate Change IEC as part of the local curriculum of public education.
  8. Establishment of the Siargao Climate Field School for Farmers and Fisherfolks for our food security frontliners to be more adaptive to climate change.

 

Because of these measures and initiatives, we were able to mitigate the impacts of the typhoon on our constituents. First, people were immediately moved to designated evacuation centers, minimizing the loss of lives from flying debris, including GI sheets from roofs. The mangrove forest and the sea wall protected people from the storm surge.

After structural assessments, only the roofs/ceilings of public infrastructure were damaged. The structural integrity of buildings was intact because it was designed to hold versus category 5 typhoons.

Trees and leaves have started sprouting and the green environment is fast recovering. Natural recovery was faster than expected and hopefully so did our rice plantations. This we can attribute to the care we have done for our environment.

Electricity from the main lines, including that of public facilities, is now restored. Sea/air transport was immediately restored to allow the flow of goods, experts, and trading. Bouncing back faster was achieved because of disaster management plans in place that enable us to mobilize external partners that will support the immediate restoration of public utilities.

Moreover, thanks to risk-informed protocols and measures in place, public health care recovered almost immediately. Both COVID and non-COVID vaccination continued immediately on December 20. Pre- and post-natal care was made available from December 18. Medical missions to communities were done from December 19 to stop the possible spread of water-borne diseases and other communicable diseases.

Lastly, school operations are now being prepared for face-to-face classes. With the systems in place, we will provide psychological first aid to all the youth (under 30 years old) using play therapy, as well as conduct a centralized feeding program with teachers and youth leaders.

A glimpse of Typhoon Odette impacts on infrastructure in Del Carmen, Surigao Del Norte (Photo from Vice Mayor Coro)

HOW DOES THE MUNICIPALITY ENSURE THAT ITS CLIMATE CHANGE AND DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLANS ARE SCIENCE-BASED AND RISK-INFORMED? WHAT TOOLS, STRATEGIES, AND PROCESSES DOES IT EMPLOY? 

The Local Government of Del Carmen has always advocated and utilized science-based governance in all its process and decisions in planning and investing for development through the following:

  • Conduct of initial investigation on the vulnerabilities and risks of the community, through the Ecotown Project Investment, which translated into the update of our plans and programs on a sectoral level (health, education, tourism, agriculture, fisheries, etc) to be climate change adaptive.
  • Strengthening of the municipality’s Comprehensive Land Use Plan and other municipal plans with the comprehensive disaster risk assessment (CDRA) and Local Climate Change Action Plan (LCCAP) as key guides to our review and updating process.
  • Establishment of the Siargao Climate Field School for Farmers and Fisherfolks to capacitate the farmers and fisherfolks on climate-smart practices to increase yield and catch despite the changing climate.
  • Influencing the Department of Education to update the curriculum of K to 12 with project Schools for Resilience (SCORE) to incorporate Siargao’s unique biodiversity and climate change risks to sustain the champions of environmental management.
  • Investment in communication infrastructure and training to manage pre- and post-disaster response.
 
BASED ON YOUR LEARNING FROM TYPHOON ODETTE, WHAT ADAPTATION MEASURES ARE YOU EYEING TO IMPLEMENT MOVING FORWARD IN DEL CARMEN? WHAT ARE THE CHALLENGES IN IMPLEMENTING THESE MEASURES? 

The typhoon season happens yearly and is getting stronger because of the prevailing climate crisis. We need a system that allows faster response for food security, shelter rehabilitation. and livelihood recovery. We have an initial program on this, but it requires some tweaking based on the recent experience. We intend to pilot this in March 2022 to meet the typhoon season of November 2022. 

The local government is considering redesigning public buildings to address multiple risks, including earthquakes and stronger typhoons. Our goal is to retain government operations and food storage facilities through difficult times. The challenge to making this program a reality is financing itself. We need to move around funds and gather additional support for the rehabilitation of public infrastructure.

We also intend to strengthen our mangrove rehabilitation and watershed reforestation program.

Moreover, we will increase IEC and investment in climate-smart agriculture and fisheries. For these initiatives, the challenges will be the financial limitation of the government and getting the private sector to invest in sustainable fishing practices.

Finally, we intend to influence national government policy on response operations during Category 5 typhoons or related extreme weather events, recognizing the value of early warning and communications versus post-disaster response of the government. The challenge will be the bureaucratic processes of the national government itself but we will work through this to accomplish our goals.

SJA Artivista Logo

WHAT SUPPORT DOES DEL CARMEN NEED FROM THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT AND THE PRIVATE SECTOR IN TERMS OF BUILDING RESILIENCE TO CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS? 

What we need from the national government and the private business sector is to augment investments on the following:

  1. Air and sea assets. With 7000 inhabited islands in the Philippines, the need for air and sea assets to immediately transport food and other necessities for communities devastated by storms.
  2. Sustainable artisanal fishery and small farming supply chains. There is a need to make fishing boats, fishing gears, vegetable seeds, farm equipment more accessible to farmers and fisherfolks through low-interest loans and insurance.
  3. Remote communications infrastructure. We need to set up remote communications infrastructure that will enable local government personnel, who are victims themselves during extreme weather events and disasters, to connect with national government response teams immediately for post-disaster setup.
  4. Health/water/education services and rehabilitation efforts. Any help to augment and improve current efforts to rehabilitate health and water services, as well as schools and other educational infrastructure.
  5. Climate-proof storage for food and key documents. To ensure continuity of government operations, we need help for the climate-proofing of storage systems for key documents of the local government, as well as for food packs ready for post-disaster relief operations.
 

Destruction left Typhoon Odette on a school in Del Carmen, Surigao Del Norte (Photo from Vice Mayor Coro)

FOR THOSE WHO ARE INTERESTED IN CONTRIBUTING TO CURRENT RELIEF AND REHABILITATION EFFORTS FOR DEL CARMEN, WHERE AND HOW COULD THEY SEND THEIR DONATIONS? WHAT DOES THE MUNICIPALITY NEED THE MOST?

The municipality is in urgent need of:

  1. Rice donations (at least 5 kilos of rice per family per week)
  2. Roofing support of 10 pieces of GI Sheet per household for more or less 4000 households 
  3. Livelihood support for farmers (vegetable seeds, coconut stalks, and livestock of chicken/hogs) and fisherfolks (fishing gears, fishing boat, tourism boats, mariculture platforms)
 

For In-Kind Donations:

  • Alfredo Coro
  • Office of the Vice Mayor
  • Del Carmen Municipal Complex
  • Del Carmen, Siargao Islands, Surigao del Norte 
 

For Cash donations:

  • Account Name: Municipality of Del Carmen
  • Account Number: 0808039559035
  • DBP Siargao Branch
  • Swift Code: DBPHPHMM 
 
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Eleventh Hour at the Manila Bulletin

Eleventh Hour: Linking climate data and stories to amplify the voice of at-risk communities

Eleventh Hour: Linking climate data and stories to amplify the voice of at-risk communities

By DanTAOn Project Team

Last November 2021, at the 26th United Nations Climate Change Conference, world leaders came together to discuss the future of the planet and the target to keep global temperature rise within 1.5 degrees Celsius by the end of the century.

 

Today, the Earth is 1.2 degrees Celsius warmer than it was in the 19th century. By 2030, it could be 2.1 degrees hotter if, beginning last year, big emitters fail to halve their carbon emissions. We now only have nine years to hit our targets and prevent climate catastrophes.

 

Poorer countries will suffer the most. The Philippines contributes just 0.3 percent to global carbon emissions but, according to the Global Climate Risk Index 2021, is the fourth most vulnerable country in the world to climate risk. Even if the whole country were to shift to renewable energy, it won’t be enough to mitigate climate change. Inevitably, it’s up to big emitters to keep their commitments.

Bridging climate data and lived experience

But these numbers are just numbers—abstract, impersonal concepts to many—until we understand what they mean for people, especially the most vulnerable.

What does a 2.1-degree rise in temperature mean for coastal communities? Will the ocean engulf their village? What will become of their homes and livelihoods?

And, after we answer these questions, how can we then tell the world that global warming is an urgent issue placing many Filipino lives at risk? If countries like the Philippines cannot shake the scale by cutting emissions, we must find other means to be heard and to influence world leaders to take serious actions.

This is what the DanTAOn Project, one of 10 teams supported by the Oscar M. Lopez Center’s (OML) Balangay Media Project, hopes to address.

“Hearing about how the term ‘storm surge’ failed to sufficiently convey Typhoon Haiyan’s magnitude to many coastal dwellers opened my eyes to just how important communicating well is. Language matters. Sometimes, it spells the difference between life and death,” shared lead editor Tanya Mariano.

“DanTAOn: Our climate stories as we journey one hundred years from now” aims to humanize the impacts of disasters and move people and nations to action. It seeks to present—through essays, photos, videos, and other formats—the narratives of people directly affected by climate change, and to visualize climate impacts using geographic information system (GIS) maps of sea-level rise projections from Climate Central.

Artistic renditions based on scientific data will also provide a glimpse of what life may look like for at-risk communities 100 years from now.

“I believe that part of our work is to help bring the stories of vulnerable communities into focus. Highlighting these stories, we hope to forge solidarity that can be leveraged to call for change that benefits most of society. But our work is not to speak for these communities; it’s to provide avenues and support so they may speak for themselves,” explained writer Issabelle Therese Baguisi.

From vague numbers and big projections to small communities and concrete lived experiences, the DanTAOn Project hopes to move these stories from the local frontlines to the global limelight.

“If there’s a platform to do something and an opportunity to make a difference, you’ll be surprised how many people will show up and be part of it. Studies and researches are all available. We can make space and help others make space for all of us to do something about the climate emergency,” said writer and researcher Amor Tan Singco.

Help us tell a richer, more human climate change narrative

By linking data and stories and making these accessible online, the DanTAOn Project team hopes to amplify calls for decisive action from those most accountable for climate change.

“As a development worker, I’ve heard recounts of what people thought were their last day on Earth. The trauma from these events remains with the communities, as does the threat,” project team leader Arch. Arlene Christy Lusterio said. “This is what climate change will continue to do to many vulnerable sites in the Philippines. Sharing these stories out with the public will emphasize what’s at stake in the fight against climate change. Though it’s extremely daunting to know that we’re not in control, hope remains. If we pool together our stories, we will have a louder voice,” Lusterio added.

Explore the stories on the DanTAOn platform at https://dantaon.org. If you want to collaborate or share your own climate stories with us, contact us at dantaon2022@gmail.com.

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The DanTAOn Project Team is one of the recipients of the Umalohokan Fellowship to the Climate Media Labs and Umalohokan Grants under the Oscar M. Lopez Center’s Balangay Media Project—a program designed to support local media practitioners and climate change advocates by building their capacities for science-based reporting and utilizing traditional, new, and out-of-home media to promote climate change adaptation and resilience-building of communities.

The Climate Reality Project Philippines is a media partner of the 2021 Balangay Media Project.
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ABOUT THE AUTHORS
 
Tanya L. Mariano is a writer, editor, content strategist, and researcher with over a decade of experience. She has a Masters in Communication from the Ateneo de Manila University and is a member of the International Environmental Communication Association.

Ma. Theresa Amor J. Tan Singco has a background in communications research and has worked as a communicator, trainer, and advocate of disaster risk reduction and management, climate change, and sustainable development. She has more than a decade of experience from local news outfits to humanitarian and development organizations.

Issabelle Therese M. Baguisi is a former Secretary General of the National Union of Students of the Philippines, a blogger/influencer, and a staunch advocate for social justice. She has rallied behind various social issues ranging from education, politics, cyber libel, and, more recently, disaster risk reduction and climate change. 

Arlene Christy D. Lusterio is an architect and environmental planner with about two decades of experience working with poor communities and vulnerable groups on the issues of security of tenure and sustainable human settlements, disaster risk reduction and management, and climate change. She has been directly involved in post-disaster response to major disasters like Ketsana and Haiyan as a founder and executive director of TAO-Pilipinas, Inc. She has a Master of Architecture in Human Settlements from Katholieke Universiteit Leuven. 
 
 

ABOUT ELEVENTH HOUR

This article was originally published on The Climate Reality Project Philippines’ weekly column for the Manila Bulletin called Eleventh Hour.

This column serves a digital space to discuss our organization’s work on supporting the country’s just transition into a clean, affordable, and self-sufficient energy system; advancing sustainable urban mobility to highlight the issues of equity and democracy; and raising public awareness about the need to phase out single-use plastics. It also serves as a platform for Pinoy Climate Reality Leaders to share your stories, promote your climate initiatives, and provide critical insights to issues that matter to climate action, environmental protection, and sustainable development.

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Eleventh Hour at the Manila Bulletin

Eleventh Hour: How social media culture of consumerism is fueling the climate crisis

Eleventh Hour: How social media culture of consumerism is fueling the climate crisis

By Danna Peña 

For better or for worse, online shopping and social media usage have skyrocketed since the pandemic started. Aggravated by social isolation and the monotony it brings, what used to be viewed as a luxury is now the norm—purchasing products and goods, from the most basic to the most frivolous, are right at our fingertips.

According to Polish sociologist Zygmunt Bauman in his book Consuming Life, consumerist culture values individualism, transience over the duration, reinvention, and the ability to acquire things quickly. Through social media, this hurried culture has seamlessly forced itself upon us and permeated our daily lives. Whether it be advertisements on our feeds or influencers with large followings, the masses of online media and personalities are almost always trying to sell us something, whether it’s a product, feeling, or lifestyle. Oftentimes, there needs to be something bought for us to satisfy this aspiration.

The breakneck speed of social media urges brands, influencers, and consumers to be on-trend to stay relevant, thus driving the promotion and purchasing of fashion items, food, home decor, and mobile electronics at an unprecedented rate. This mania of consumption has manifested itself in seemingly innocuous haul videos— especially from fast fashion brands—and flex culture, a way of showing off purchases that indicate an abundance of wealth.

On an alarming note, large e-commerce companies are not only offering the usual seasonal holiday sales but are now commonly seen promoting monthly sales in hopes of beating the competition and reaching higher targets. Combine these ubiquitous (and extremely tempting) sales with our need for instant gratification, and you get a recipe for climate disaster. 

There are studies that show e-commerce produced fewer carbon dioxide emissions than traditional brick-and-mortar shopping, but what’s better for the environment isn’t quite clear cut, especially when factors like consumer behavior, logistics, and waste aren’t unaccounted for. With social media’s material-centric culture of consumerism, this notion that online shopping is largely more eco-friendly seems improbable.

The speed and frequency of online purchases are producing a phenomenal volume of plastic packaging waste that ends up in our oceans and landfills. Shopping from different distribution centers, purchasing from farther locations, and instances like missed deliveries and returns result in higher green gas emissions per purchase. Due to the overconsumption driven by social media, these negative environmental impacts will only worsen if this business-as-usual scenario is let on.

While online shopping is convenient for a multitude of reasons, there must be a fine line drawn between what’s necessary and what’s excessive. As e-commerce provides jobs for people and is the safer way of business in this pandemic, it should be noted that it’s a complex issue with regard to living sustainably. The burden lies among all of us, albeit in varying degrees. Businesses must foster more sustainable practices while consumers have the power to make mindful purchases that are less damaging to the environment.

Although pressuring sellers to be more sustainable and eco-friendlier is productive, it’s also important to question the systems in place. Rather than shaming individuals who are most likely just trying to make a living, we should all be supporting green practices and policies, and giving more power to sustainable businesses so that their competition will follow. 

To stop feeding this system of overconsumption, I believe that there must be more green jobs, more sustainable policies, and a more even distribution of wealth. If green jobs are much more accessible and basic needs are being met, would sellers still resort to exploitative and unsustainable means to earn a living? From career choices to purchasing decisions, I believe that individuals would uphold more eco-friendly lifestyles if given the chance—greed, materialism, and ignorance aside.

While this culture of consumerism has seeped into our daily lives, we do have the power to educate ourselves and be more conscious about our purchasing decisions. Be wary of what you typically see online and adopt perspectives that are good for ourselves and the environment.

Buy less, choose well, and make your purchases last. Be intentional with who you follow online, support local and eco-friendly businesses, and do what you can in demanding more sustainable alternatives from brands. Focus on how your life feels rather than how it looks online, where people feel that they constantly need to prove their status and identity through never-ending, avoidable purchases. 

Online shopping is here to stay, but what we can do is to be more mindful of our lifestyle choices. Let us not be carelessly swayed by the demands of a consumerist culture, as they are not in favor of the planet’s health, and therefore, not in favor of us.

 

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ABOUT THE AUTHOR 
 
Danna Peña is a writer, editor, and social media professional who is passionate about mindful living, sustainability, and purposeful storytelling. She has written over 90 articles for various local publications and has worked with advertising agencies, a news publication, and e-commerce brands throughout her career. In 2020, she was selected to be a Southeast Asian Journalism Fellow for Climate Tracker, and in 2021, she finished the global virtual training led by former US Vice President Al Gore and became a certified Climate Reality Leader.
 

ABOUT ELEVENTH HOUR

This article was originally published on The Climate Reality Project Philippines’ weekly column for the Manila Bulletin called Eleventh Hour.

This column serves a digital space to discuss our organization’s work on supporting the country’s just transition into a clean, affordable, and self-sufficient energy system; advancing sustainable urban mobility to highlight the issues of equity and democracy; and raising public awareness about the need to phase out single-use plastics. It also serves as a platform for Pinoy Climate Reality Leaders to share your stories, promote your climate initiatives, and provide critical insights to issues that matter to climate action, environmental protection, and sustainable development.

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Press Releases

Health and waste experts: Pursuing zero waste possible amid COVID-19 pandemic

Health and waste experts: Pursuing zero waste possible amid COVID-19 pandemic

Quezon City – Pursuing zero waste strategies is still possible amid the COVID-19 pandemic, health and waste experts said during the 22nd episode of The Climate Reality Project Philippines’ Klimatotohanan entitled “Unmasking the COVID-19 Plastic Pollution: Why Zero Waste is Essential Towards a Green and Just Recovery.

Zero waste, according to the Global Alliance for Incinerator Alternatives (GAIA), is defined as “a comprehensive waste management approach that prioritizes waste reduction and material recovery.” Its strategies include redesigning products and delivery systems to be sustainable and environment-friendly and increasing access to reuse, repair, recycle, and compost.

The role of zero waste in green recovery and the challenges of zero waste amid the pandemic

A recent study published by GAIA in 2021 evaluated the job generation potential of zero waste in 16 countries, including the Philippines. It revealed that implementing zero-waste strategies does not only reduce greenhouse gas emissions but also provides significantly more and good quality jobs than disposal-based systems—therefore presenting an opportunity for a green recovery from the economic downturn caused by the pandemic.

The report showed that recycling, remanufacturing, and composting alone can create thousands of jobs across model cities and that the potential of full zero-waste systems that integrate repair, reuse, and waste reduction is even greater.

Marian Frances Ledesma, Zero Waste Campaigner of Greenpeace Philippines, shared that there are a lot of challenges in campaigning for zero waste, especially during the start of the pandemic.

“There were a lot of fears and uncertainty around the transmission of the coronavirus. It got [people] to question if reusables are safe. It didn’t help that the plastic industry in various countries was actively lobbying for the use of single-use plastics as protective measures against COVID,” Ledesma said.

“This led to more single-use plastics and disposables being used by people thinking that those are safer—when in reality,  reusables are just as safe as single-use plastics, and in a way, even safer because they were designed to be reused, washed, and disinfected repeatedly,” she added.

False solutions to plastic pollution

Ledesma also pointed out the rise of false solutions to plastic pollution, such as waste-to-energy and co-processing of plastic and cement, as additional challenges to advancing zero-waste during the pandemic, especially amid the rise of e-commerce.

“False solutions muddy the conversation. They distract people, particularly local governments, from real solutions like zero waste. The sad thing is they incentivize the generation of more waste instead of prevention,” Ledesma explained.

Ledesma also added that while recycling and upcycling are good for the waste that are already generated, they do not address waste prevention.

Coleen Salamat, Plastic Solutions Campaigner at EcoWaste Coalition, agreed with Ledesma, adding that the problem with promoting recycling on its own is that it is a downstream approach. “It gives you the justification that it is okay to use single-use plastics because they will be recycled anyway. At the very core, once single-use plastics are manufactured, they become persistent pollutants,” she added.

Salamat explained that in the hierarchy of zero waste, reduction comes first and that recycling is the least priority. She also highlighted that there are many business models that are already circular and that there is a need to go back to the basics.

Managing medical waste amid the pandemic

Ramon San Pascual, Executive Director of Healthcare Without Harm Asia Southeast Asia, underscored the need to balance COVID-19 response and the use of plastics.

“In the big picture, protecting our own health means protecting our environment,” San Pascual said, noting that zoonotic diseases like COVID are caused by biodiversity loss and ecosystem degradation. “It shouldn’t be a choice between public health and the environment. It should be both,” he added.

San Pascual shared that Healthcare Without Harm Asia, in partnership with Break Free from Plastic, undertook an audit of five hospitals in the Greater Metropolitan Manila Area (GMA), which showed the unnecessary over-reliance on disposables during the pandemic.

According to San Pascual, 60 to 70 percent of the waste volume of the hospitals they’ve audited are single-use plastics—most are plastic packaging of food from fast-food chains near the hospitals and PET bottles for water. He shared that the hospital administrators reached out to the fast-food chains to reduce or avoid plastic packaging and encourage hospital staff to use reusables by distributing tumblers and putting up more water refilling stations.

Creating an enabling environment for zero waste

Ruzzel Morales, Youth Cluster Coordinator of Climate Reality Philippines, underscored the need to shift the burden of pursuing zero waste from individual actions to systemic changes.

“There are narratives revolving solely around how individuals are responsible in their own reducing, reusing, and recycling wastes. However, certain sectors do not have access, means, and budget to shift to alternatives. If we talk about accessibility, we also have to look at how our policies are supporting the creation of a zero-waste society,” Morales explained.

Morales noted that the government and the private sector should also carry their weight. “It should be a collaborative effort,” she said.
 

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Ang Kalusunan Columns

Ang Kalusunan: Chronicling climate actions in the North

Ang Kalusunan: Chronicling climate actions in the North

By Aimee Oliveros

I

January 31, 2022

The North is my home.

 

Growing up in Baguio, I always found solace up in the mountains – the strength in the trees forming into communities, the connection between the earth and the sky, and the peace knowing that it will always be there, waiting to welcome me back home.

But the mountains are changing because of deforestation and mining; we are losing our trees because of illegal logging and trade; and industrial activities are causing more disconnection than connection to our physical world. The climate is changing and it is real. The peace that I have known is slowly turning into fear; but with fear comes hope; and with hope comes action.

Kalusunan means the “northern part,” a term used to define Luzon being the geographical north of the Philippines. From the mountains of the Cordilleras, the history of the Ilocandias, the bounty in Cagayan Valley, the rich resources of Central Luzon, the heritage and culture in CALABARZON, to the pristine beaches in MIMAROPA, the adventures in Bicol, and the opportunities in Metro Manila. 

More than just a direction, Kalusunan also means a destination, a purpose, a guide—which is what this column will be about.

Luzon is home to more than 1,200 Climate Reality Leaders, including myself, from diverse capabilities and communities, all fueled with a passion for service and action. Each one of us has stories to share—about our hometown, about our fight against the climate crisis, and how we are paving a #BetterReality for all.

Every month, you’ll get to read climate stories and adventures from Luzon—the highs and the lows. Moreover, you’ll learn some very practical and easy-to-use tips towards climate action from our #LuzonLeaders—the dos and don’ts.

Join us monthly as we build connections, capabilities, and communities towards climate action from our home, our North—Luzon.

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ABOUT THE AUTHOR 
 

Aimee is the Luzon Coordinator of The Climate Reality Project Philippines. She is a human resources professional with over 10 years of corporate work experience in different local and multinational industries. With her experience in organizational development, training and employee engagement, Aimee is deeply passionate about promoting learning and wellbeing. She is a Climate Reality Leader having joined the 2020 Global training which solidified her inner passion for community work and service. Being an advocate for the environment, she co-founded RE-Store MNL, a small shop promoting refill and reuse in Paranaque City. She earned her Bachelor of Arts degree in Social Sciences at the University of the Philippines Baguio.

ABOUT ANG KALUSUNAN

Ang Kalusunan or the “Northern Part” is a space that aims to amplify the climate stories and initiatives of the more than 1,200 Pinoy Climate Reality Leaders in Luzon.

It is one of the monthly columns launched by The Climate Reality Project Philippines to elevate the climate discourse and strengthen climate action across all regions in the Philippines.