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Youth leadership, capacity building, and education critical in reforestation and climate action, experts say

Youth leadership, capacity building, and education critical in reforestation and climate action, experts say

Quezon City — Youth leadership, capacity building, and awareness-raising play a critical role in advancing ecosystem restoration and climate action in the Southeast Asian region.

 

This was emphasized by forestry and conservation experts who are also trained Climate Reality Leaders from the Philippines and Indonesia during the World Environment Day episode of the Klimatotohanan webcast series, a fortnightly webcast hosted by The Climate Reality Project Philippines.

Anne Marie Mananquil-Bakker, Director for Partnerships at non-profit organization Fostering Education and Environment for Development (FEED) Philippines, highlighted the power of the youth to “build a better future.” She noted that young Filipinos and Indonesians have the ability to catch the attention of the media, which also plays an important part in amplifying calls for change and inciting action from the government and the private sector.

“To be honest, they [media] will respond when it comes from you, the youth. Don’t underestimate your power. Keep at it. Consolidate yourselves. Consolidate across the ASEAN region and then you have the voice for change,” Mananquil-Bakker told youth advocates.

Philippine forest cover is down to about only seven (7) million hectares or 23% of the country’s total land area from over 90% during pre-colonial times. Even with a National Greening Program and log ban in place, forest loss persists, and gains from reforestation efforts in some parts of the country are erased by losses in others.

“Capacity building is much needed in communities, [specifically on] things like agroforestry and simple techniques that have been around but the communities are not informed of,”
ANNE MARIE MANANQUIL-BAKKER, FOSTERING EDUCATION AND ENVIRONMENT FOR DEVELOPMENT PHILIPPINES

The 2019 Special Report on Climate Change and Land of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, the world’s top scientific body on climate change, has identified the forestry and land use sector as a significant net source of greenhouse gas emissions. Continuous deforestation and land degradation, however, will chip away at this carbon sink.

Raiza Mae Togado, Forest Monitoring Officer for the National Greening Program of the Philippine Department of Environment and Natural Resources, explained during the webcast that the key drivers of deforestation and forest degradation in the Philippines include agricultural and infrastructure expansion, land conversion, and climate change.

A lot of constraints in reforestation and forest conservation efforts, Mananquil-Bakker said, are caused by the lack of technical capabilities of different stakeholders and actors. “Capacity building is much needed in communities, [specifically on] things like agroforestry and simple techniques that have been around but the communities are not informed of,” she said. “Even things like carbon sequestration, if we can get more data in that area, then there’s even more impetus for the private sector to be involved,” she added.

Mananquil-Bakker also emphasized the need to ensure the sustainability, replicability, and scalability of reforestation and climate action projects moving forward. “What we try to design is a sustainable project that can be replicated in other parts of the country, can be scaled up, is designed on best practice for the community, by the community. All the science of development and forestry must be there. Otherwise, we shouldn’t do it,” she said.

“We cannot work in silos. We have to work together with communities that live near the forest to protect existing forests. We have to work with the government,”
MAHARDIKA PUTRA PURBA, ALAM SEHAT LESTARI

Deforestation rates in Indonesia hit a historic low in 2020 due to various government policies such as a permanent ban on the clearing of forests and peatlands, a moratorium on oil palm plantation licenses, forest fire mitigation, and a social forestry program. However, while Indonesia’s forest cover is at 50.9%, its Nationally Determined Contribution under the Paris Agreement allows up to 325,000 hectares of deforestation per year to supposedly leave room for economic development, potentially clearing 3.25 million hectares of rainforest by 2030.

Pointing out that the root of the problem is lack of awareness, Dr. Puji Rianti, environmental activist, researcher, and lecturer at the FMIPA IPB University in Indonesia, said that there is a need to educate the public on how forests, including everything in it, support not only those in nearby communities but also those living in the metropolitan areas.

Mahardika Putra Purba, Research and Program Consultant at Indonesia-based non-government organization Alam Sehat Lestari, meanwhile, underscored the need for all stakeholders from the private and public sector to converge efforts, expertise, and resources. “We cannot work in silos. We have to work together with communities that live near the forest to protect existing forests. We have to work with the government,” he noted.

This special Klimatotohanan episode, which aired last June 5, forms part of the Reimagine, Recreate, Restore campaign spearheaded by Youth Climate Reality Leaders of the Philippines and Indonesia. Aside from the Klimatotohanan webcast, the campaign features the Open Letter from the Youth and the Adopt-A-Seedling Donation Drive

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World Youth Says: “In the face of common anxiety, we are all not immune.”

World Youth Says: “In the face of common anxiety, we are all not immune.”

On Earth Day, 40 country leaders connected through a video conference for the “Leaders Summit on Climate.” It was different from G7 or G20 meetings for big countries and different from ASEAN or APEC for regional countries. Leaders who stood out in this conference and received much attention were not only from the traditionally powerful countries but also from countries such as Bangladesh, East Timor, Gabon, Paraguay, and more that are not well-known internationally or strong economically.

 

At a time when the threat of COVID-19 has still not passed, the theme of the summit was the climate. On this topic, these remote and small countries you seldom hear about in news not only had a lot to say, but they also wanted to raise it with a stronger sense of urgency.

The Earth is like a train carrying everyone. Due to rising temperatures, the brake system is starting to malfunction. Sea level rise caused by rising temperature has forced Indonesia to move its capital. The reduction in agricultural production and desertification, which were worsened by climate change, has led to terrorism in Nigeria, the most populous country in Africa. On a global scale, the most direct and serious climate impacts are experienced by the most vulnerable population. On this train, they are the passengers who are about to be or have been thrown off track due to acceleration, but the steering wheel was never in their control to begin with.

We interviewed young passengers from 14 different countries (Bangladesh, Cameroon, Fiji, Georgia, Indonesia, Kenya, Kyrgyzstan, Nepal, Nigeria, Palestine, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, and Uganda) and asked them three questions: Who are you? Why are you anxious? How will your 2030 be?

The following are their answers:

WHO ARE YOU?

Some of the interviewees, from left to right, Meerim Seidakmatova from Kyrgyzstan, Maanvik Gounder from Fiji, Laetania Belai Djandam from Indonesia, and Anjali Sai Chalise from Nepal.

Maanvik Gounde, a 19-year-old university student from Fiji. “The indigenous people of Fiji, called iTaukei, live closely related to nature as much of our culture and knowledge comes from it. For example, we use natural materials in weaving mats and decorate them with plant dyes. When someone gets sick, the elders treat them with herbs. The folk songs that have been sung from generation to generation are about nature. It is also nature that teaches us how to prevent potential disasters.”

Laetania Belai Djandam, a 19-year-old university student from Indonesia. “My friends call me Belai. I am Dayak of Borneo, Indonesia, a forest inhabitant. We, Dayak, believe that the forest is the father, the Earth is the mother, and the rivers are the blood.”

Shahin Alam, a 20-year-old university student from Bangladesh. “I was born in a small village beside the mangroves of the World Heritage sites of Sundarbans. We sing old ballads about the mangroves of Sundarbans: যদি বাঁচে সুন্দরবন! বাঁচবে দেশের জনগণ। উন্নয়নের মূল সারাদেশের উপকূল গাছ লাগাই পরিবেশ বাঁচাই সুন্দরবন মায়ের মতোন বাঁচাতে চাইলে দেশের মুল আসুন বাঁচাই উপকূল।. It means, “We exist because of the Sundarbans mangroves. The mangroves along the coastline are the roots of our lives. If more are planted, more people there will be. Sundarbans is our mother. The mangroves along the coastline defend our country and its people.”

Shahin planting trees.

Anjali Sai Chalise, a 20-year-old university student from Nepal, majoring in Environmental Science: “Nepal has a strong sense of religious belief. We call the trees Sitting God (direct translation of 安坐神). So even a tree has spirit. And some go and worship it.”

Shreya K. C., Shree, a 22-year-old university student from Nepal, also majoring in Environmental Science: “My mother was one of Nepal’s first indigenous people called the Kirati. We have two big festivals every year, where everyone dances in circles called Sakela. In the Ubhauli festival held in the first half of the year, we pray for a happy family and favorable weather for the crops. At the year-end Udhauli festival, we thank the gift of nature and the protection of our ancestors. We, Nepalese, express our respect for nature at these two festivals.”

Amiel Lopez, a 22-year-old university student from the Philippines studying for his master’s degree in Anthropology: “The Philippines has indigenous people with 110 different indigenous languages and cultures, 61 percent of whom are in the southern islands of Mindanao. They strive to safeguard their traditional way of life and values in this modern society. Their respect for nature or the wisdom in the coexistence with nature, and all the environmental problems nowadays—all of these have important lessons and more people need to learn from them.”

Maurice Gathu Munga, a 25-year-old Kenyan working with an environmental agency: “My tribe is called Gikuyu. Our traditional identity and cultural orientation are to be the protector of nature.”

Maurice and his companions.

Mariam Devidze, a 26-year-old Georgian also working with an environmental agency: “In Georgian, the Earth is Dedamitsa. This word consists of two parts: deda meaning mother, and mitsa meaning land. The land in which each of us lives together forms Mother Earth that gives birth and nurtures all (that has) life.”

Joyce Mendez, a 27-year-old studying for a master’s degree from Paraguay: “My ancestors are the Vayu tribe of Colombia, but I grew up on the border of Argentina, Paraguay, and Brazil. The Parana and Iguazu rivers are the two main rivers of South America and this is where they meet. In addition to its abundant flora and fauna, it is the Earth’s largest freshwater resource—Guarani Aquifer. Nature is not external but it is in our innermost being. Our bodies are part of nature and our minds also conform to the logic of nature. This is the wisdom that I learned from my grandparents since I was young.”

Roxana Borda Mamani, a 28-year-old university student from Peru, majoring in Rural Development and Food Safety: “I’m a Quechua native of the Amazon rainforest and the Andes, and every aspect of our lives has to do with nature. For instance, ever since I was young, my mother taught me to cherish the seeds and not to waste them. One time, I accidentally stepped on the seeds and she shouted ñaqakuasunmi, warning me that ‘he takes revenge’ and that there will be no good harvest. We also observe the ants. If black ants come out of the hole, it means it will rain the following day. If the yellow ants come out, then it will be sunny the following day. We use the phases of the moon as the basis of our calendar. Sowing during the full moon will yield to a better harvest.”

Roxana in her home countryside.

Evelyn Acham, whose age is kept confidential, is from Uganda and is a member of the Iteso ethnic group in the east: “We have a modern proverb: MONEY IS USELESS ON A DEAD PLANET.”

WHY ARE YOU ANXIOUS?

Shahin Alam (Bangladesh): “In 2009, the tropical cyclone Ella struck Bangladesh. At that time, I was seven years old. The cyclone traversed over our village and brought heavy precipitation. This flooded the rooms of our house full and also submerged our school. I did not go to school for a whole year the succeeding academic year. Ella was my first encounter with the terrors of climate change. From then on, I realized that these rare storms come more frequently. Climate change for us, as Bangladeshi, as youth, is basically a matter of life and death.

Joyce Mendez (Paraguay): “When I was 12 years old, it was by chance that I was able to watch a documentary about climate change. The future I saw was not the future I would look forward to.”

Maanvik Gounder (Fiji): “For Pacific Island countries like ours, climate change does not only affect the safety of food, water, and health but the overall health of the country. Fiji has more than 300 islands with seas surrounding its every direction. Since most villages are situated by the seashore, even a slight rise in sea level will threaten not only the livelihoods of the people but also their lives. Now, we are extensively mobilizing residents to move inland. According to the national vulnerability assessment conducted by the Fiji Government, there are 45 villages in need of relocation due to potential disasters such as sea-level rise, flood, and tropical cyclones.”

Fiji after hit by the tropical cyclone Winston.

Amiel Lopez (Philippines): “Every year, the Philippines is hit by about 20 tropical cyclones. Because of this, our house would be flooded until the ceiling. My family and I experienced this until we moved homes to much higher ground. However, in the year 2013, Super Typhoon Yolanda (internationally known as Haiyan) took the lives of more than 6,400 Filipinos. They have already been robbed of the opportunity to talk about whether climate change is real or not, who should reduce [carbon] emissions, and by how many.

A few years ago, I taught a community of Bajau indigenous people in Davao. Bajau means ocean dwellers. They still dive and use spears to catch fish up to this day. However, they work hard to catch more plastic garbage than fishes every day. They also mentioned that because the surface temperance of the sea increased, fishes now migrated to live in cooler depths and deeper parts of the ocean that free divers cannot reach.

Indigenous community members of Bajau while freediving.

These indigenous people may not know the term climate change, but it is already part of our livelihood, our reality. It is a matter of life and death, a constant worry. This kind of urgency and crisis is not something that more developed countries and regions realize.”

Dinesh Bushal (Nepal): “Can you imagine Nepal without snow mountains? In the year 2021, there will be no snow at all. The beautiful fishtail peak has been exposed and it has turned into a bare stone mountain. Due to the temperature rise, the people situated near the glacier are always worried about the possible collapse of the glacier barrier lake, which may cause a flood breakout. In the year 2020, heavy rainfall caused landslides and flash floods killing more than 450 people in the process. Kathmandu and other major cities continue to have polluted air, which causes the people in those areas to have difficulty breathing. Rural areas experience severe water shortages and it takes two to three hours of walking distance to get a bucket of water.”

Severe drought in Northern Nepal due to climate change.

Laetania Belai Djandam (Indonesia): “As of this year, as of this day, Indonesia has recorded more than 1,000 disasters, including hundreds of floods and landslides, as well as the tropical cyclones that recently hit southeastern Indonesia. The number of affected people reached up to hundreds of thousands.”

Evelyn Acham (Uganda): “Climate change is already evident in Uganda. Dry seasons last longer, reducing crop production, which then limits people to only one meal a day or none at all. At the same time, some floods have left people with no homes to return to. Some daughters get married at a young age in exchange for money or food. Women [in our country] need to travel long distances just to find food and water. Also, some men are desperate [for food and water] that they cast their anger on women, domestically abusing them.”

Evelyn Acham in a classroom of Uganda Elementary School.

HOW WILL YOUR 2030 BE?

Victoria Akintaju (Nigeria): “The safer (it is), the cleaner (it is).”

Shahin Alam (Bangladesh): “If you do not do anything, by 2030, my village will be submerged in flood, unsurfaced. As a result, all the villagers will leave their homes and will find livelihood in the city. There will be many other villages like ours. Poverty will increase in Bangladesh. I do not want my village to be lost in flood. I hope that my home country will not be flooded.”

Maurice Gathu Munga (Kenya): “I hope that leaders and businesses of each country realize that climate change is not at all a simple environmental issue and that most (people) will be deprived of their right to live. Therefore, verbal commitments are far from enough. We need practical actions. Only this way can the global environment change for the better, not for the worse, by 2030.

Saed Jaradat (Palestine): “I am optimistic that by the year 2030, we will not be burning fossil fuels. Human beings cannot continuously survive with this unsustainable way of living.”

Solar power plant in the middle of Palestine desert.

Dinesh Bhusal (Nepal): “By 2030, there are two possible outcomes. First, climate change will worsen. Second, we have taken actions to slow it down and adapt to it. The former is no less than cutting off the required oxygen for human [survival]. The Himalayas will only be a bare rock. Mankind will start disputes just for a drop of water. Those in poverty will starve to death and the continuous increase in temperature will cause the extinction of more than thousands of wild animals. The Earth will then become a tomb radiating with heat.”

Anjali Sai Chalise (Nepal): “The air in Kathmandu will become worse and worse. If there is no control on greenhouse gas emission, I am worried that by 2030 the temperature will continue to rise. My future will be gray. No beautiful snowy mountain, not even safe and breathable air.”

Joyce Mendez (Paraguay): “I try to be a bit optimistic. By 2030, humans should have learned to reverse our mistakes, to humble themselves to nature, and to coexist with nature once again, along with the other citizens of the world. This sounds like science fiction, right? However, this is actually ancient knowledge. Every indigenous community in the world has lived in accordance with this to live in harmony with Nature.”

Indigenous group in Paraguay.

Amiel Lopez (Philippines): “By 2030, I will be 31 years old already. I hope that every day in the next 10 years will be a day full of hope. Every day, the Earth becomes a bit cleaner and safer because there will be more young people entering society. They will be the backbone and the leaders who will make adaptive strategies and implement them.”

Ethel Ruth Baquiran (Philippines): “I hope that by that time we will have more scientists involved in the government. It would even be better if they are local scientists, integrating the traditional thinking and respect (to nature) into the fact-based decision-making process.

Roxana Borda Mamani (Peru): “I will still have to imagine it. I reckon that by 2030, I will be busier and have more plants to research on, finding new ways of common development. The natives also want to development, but not a development at the cost of polluting rivers and destroying forests. We, the youth, are seeds of change and should not be trampled on.

Indigenous group in Paraguay.

Meerim Seidakmatova (Kyrgyzstan): “In Kyrgyzstan, we have many sayings about nature. For instance, do not cut down the last (lonely) tree. I hope the (lonely) tree today becomes forests in 2030.

CONCLUSION

The goal of the Paris Agreement is to limit global temperature rise below 1.5°C by the end of this century. The current average temperature of the earth is already 1.18°C higher than that of the pre-industrialization era. It is even greater in low-latitude tropical regions. On average, the entire human race only has a 0.32°C left to recover from irreversible consequences.

The United Nations Environment Programme pointed out in the 2020 Emission Gap Report: Due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, global carbon dioxide emissions have declined but the Earth is still moving towards an increase of 3°C by the end of this century. The disasters that have occurred in several countries remind us of the chilling tragedies that will surely occur if the global average temperature rises above 2°C.

Amidst the pandemic, people from different countries, income brackets, age groups, and gender show huge differences in resistance, medical response capacities, and the capability to acquire a vaccine. Climate change has also magnified these differences. Underdeveloped countries, tropical countries, Pacific Island countries, the poor, the elderly, women, children, etc. are the vulnerable groups that bear the brunt of climate change. However, these groups are also the ones who have the least voice and decision-making power in responding to the threat of climate change.

Fontoh (foremost) organizes young people to plant trees in his hometown, Cameroon.

In the interview, Maurice shared a Kenyan proverb: Rigita thi wega; ndwaheiruio ni aciari; ni ngombo uhetwo ni ciana ciaku. It means: The Earth is not given by our parents but borrowed from our children and grandchildren. In other words, we always have to return it to our descendants.

However, due to climate change, the inverse is happening. The previous generation damaged the Earth to an extent. And even if they are the ones responsible for it, they do not want to see their children’s grievances.

“This injustice” refers to anger, anxiety, and even loss expressed by almost every youth participating in the interview. But their love for the mountains and rivers beneath their feet is greater than their anxiety about the future. So these young people are also independently acting in their respective countries and communities.

Even standing outside the driving and steering compartment of this train, they have begun to educate and invite more people to join [the movement], to research the science and explore more solutions, to practice life with less carbon footprint, to install a solar panel on the roofs, and to plant saplings in the desert.

The Georgian Castle overlooks the villages that have completed energy transformation.

Nelson Mandela once said, “Sometimes a generation is destined to become great. You can become this great generation. Let your greatness blossom.”

The United Nations Environment Programme also stated in the above-mentioned report that if countries raise their Nationally Determined Contribution targets at the United Nations Climate Change Conference to be held in Glasgow by November this year and ensure that they take prompt and effective actions to implement them, then it is still possible to achieve the 1.5℃ target.

Only half a year from COP26, this train is still speeding up. A tug of war between the older generation and younger generation has begun.

Acknowledgment:

Special thanks to 350.org, The Climate Reality Project Philippines, Institute for Climate and Sustainable Cities (ICSC), and Ai Ain Project (艾蔼计划) for coordinating and supporting this interview. Thank you to all who participated in this interview: Shahin Alam (Bangladesh), Fontoh Desmond Abinwi (Cameroon), Maanvik Gounder (Fiji), Mariam Devidze (Georgia), Laetania Belai Djandam (Indonesia), Maurice Gathu Munga (Kenya), Meerim Seidakmatova (Kyrgyzstan), Anjali Sai Chalise (Nepal), Dinesh Bhusal (Nepal), Shreya K.C., (Nepal), Victoria O. Akintaju (Nigeria), Saed Jaradat (Palestine), Joyce Mendez (Paraguay), Roxana Borda Mamani (Peru), Amiel Lopez (Philippines), Ethel Ruth Baquiran (Philippines), and Evelyn Acham (Uganda).

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Grassroots zero-waste initiatives fuel sustainability movement in Asia Pacific

Grassroots zero-waste initiatives fuel sustainability movement in Asia Pacific

Quezon City — Grassroots zero-waste initiatives are fueling the sustainability movement in Asia Pacific as they help micro, small, and medium enterprises and consumers minimize plastic pollution and shift to sustainable alternatives.

 

This was discussed during the ninth episode of The Climate Reality Project Philippines’ Klimatotohanan webcast series, a fortnightly Facebook webcast that features conversations and discussions about climate governance, science, solutions, research, and other related topics.

“We have a lot of zero-waste communities in India, Vietnam, Indonesia, Malaysia, Australia,” Sherma Benosa, Knowledge Management Officer of the Global Alliance for Incinerator Alternatives, said  as she shared zero-waste models in Asia Pacific that could be replicated in the Philippines.

Benosa specifically mentioned the case of Kerola in India, which has introduced a decentralized system for waste management, which later resulted in a successful model where waste is neither burned nor buried. She shared that the state of Kerola has also introduced a Green Protocol, a regulation banning single-use plastics that has since been expanded to public events, such as festivals.

Benosa also cited businesses like Bring Me Home, a food rescue app based in Australia that enables consumers to buy unsold meals and other food items from restaurants, cafes, bakeries, and grocery stores at a significant discount; and BarePack, a subscription-based reusable and returnable container ecosystem for food takeaway and delivery across Singapore.

“Food waste is a resource in disguise. We only call it waste because we have not given ourselves a chance to see it for what it’s worth,”
RINA PAPIO, GREEN SPACE PILIPINAS

Dave Albao, Executive Director of the Philippine Reef and Rainforest Conservation Foundation Inc., walked the audience through their Wala Usik initiative, which localizes the principles of a circular economy in the context of Negros Island. “Wala Usik” is a Hiligaynon phrase meaning “nothing is wasted.”

“How can we redesign the zero-waste store concept? How are we [going to] bring them to communities served by sari-sari stores? There are 800,000 stores [in the country]. Imagine just how much plastic sachet can be prevented if you transform a percentage of these sari-sari stores,” Albao said on the inspiration behind Wala Usik sari-sari stores.

Albao explained that the concept of Wala Usik is to sell fast-moving consumer goods in the same volume sold in single-use plastics but using reusable bottles. With the help of the United States Agency for International Development, their group designed sari-sari stores to use refillery to dispense products. They noted, however, that there are regulatory barriers to refilling. “We need to make refilling mainstream and accessible, and sanitary,” they said.

Climate change and environmental non-profit groups, including The Climate Reality Project Philippines, have started a petition two years ago for the Food and Drug Administration to enhance existing regulations to establish “safe, widely accessible refilling stations for cosmetics and household products.” Suggestions for enhancements include redefining refilling as an activity separate from manufacturing, defining refilling stations and their safety and sanitary requirements, and defining the minimum information that needs to be shown on refilled product labels and refilling stations.

Aside from sari-sari stores, Albao said that they are looking to expand the Wala Usik initiative to other business models, such as karenderyas and cafés. They also shared a menu of innovations for zero-waste and circular business ideas, which include shared reuse systems, native packaging, door-to-door or business-to-business central refilling systems, and micro-refillery.

Mother-daughter tandem and Climate Reality Leaders Rina and Dani Papio talked about how their social enterprise Green Space Pilipinas is helping households and businesses integrate composting into their daily lives and operations. “Food waste is a resource in disguise. We only call it waste because we have not given ourselves a chance to see it for what it’s worth,” the elder Papio said.

Green Space aims to divert food waste away from landfills through composting and soil regeneration. It provides consumers with alternative waste management solutions such as Bokashi composting tools, as well as composting workshops. For those who do not have enough household space, it also offers the Book-A-Bucket composting service, which enables consumers to have their food waste collected and composted for them. 

“Going zero-waste starts with baby steps,”
KATE MANA-GALIDO, BACK TO BASICS ECOSTORE

Climate Reality Leader Kate Mana-Galido, meanwhile, shared about Back to Basics Ecostore, a refillery and ecostore she co-founded in 2019 with her four other friends that aims to provide easy, affordable, and convenient access to household and personal care products without unnecessary packaging. She said that they are now working with more than 20 local brands and suppliers that wanted to be part of the zero-waste ecosystem.

Galido also shared the following zero-waste tips for consumers: (1) swap plastic toothbrushes with bamboo toothbrushes; (2) use washable cotton rounds instead of cotton balls or pads; (3) switch from bottles to bars; and (4) use produce bags instead of plastic bags. “Going zero-waste starts with baby steps,” she told consumers.

For more meaningful discussions about climate and sustainability solutions, watch the full episodes of Klimatotohanan here.

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Experts vouch for RE capability to supply PH future power needs; emphasize role of LNG as transition fuel

Experts vouch for RE capability to supply PH future power needs; emphasize role of LNG as transition fuel

Quezon City — The Philippines’ foremost energy experts and energy finance analysts vouched for the capacity of renewable energy sources to fully supply the country’s energy needs in the future, noting that there are enough technologies, software, and strategies to address the issues of intermittency and variability.

 

The experts served as resource speakers and frame the discussion during the Strategic Planning of the Energy Subcluster of The Climate Reality Project Philippines last 15 May 2021, which was participated in by Filipino Climate Reality Leaders who are interested to help shape the country’s energy transition agenda.

“My answer is definitely yes,” energy transition advisor Alberto Dalusung III said when asked whether the Philippines can be powered by renewables alone. He noted that the transition to renewable energy would mean harnessing different renewable energy sources, as well as utilizing several technologies that will ensure the provision of 24-hour power.

“We just need a grid that has the ability to have all of these technologies dispatched properly. Intermittency is not a problem at all assuming you’ve got a properly designed grid with flexibility,” he explained.

“There is enough technology and software out there to actually give you a forecast of when the asset would be generating. This isn’t difficult to integrate, which is why we’re seeing markets like Costa Rica, for example, where they have 100 percent renewable energy. So certainly feasible. Technology and software make it feasible,”
SARA AHMED, CLIMATE REALITY LEADER

Dalusung is currently a member of the National Renewable Energy Board (NREB), where he represents renewable energy developers. He noted that the 2020-2040 National Renewable Energy Program (NREP) specifically aims to increase the total share of renewable energy in the country’s supply mix by 35 percent by 2030–a target that the Department of Energy (DOE) has already accepted. The current renewable energy share in the supply mix is at 21 percent.

The DOE, however, has not decided yet on how the 35 percent target will be reached, specifically on whether it will follow the recommendation of NREB to keep renewable portfolio standards (RPS) at 1 percent level for 2020 to 2022 and then increased to 2.52 percent moving forward, Dalusung shared.

Climate Reality Leader and energy finance expert Sara Jane Ahmed, Finance Advisor of the Vulnerable Group of Twenty Ministers of Finance of the Climate Vulnerable Forum, agreed with Dalusung that the transition to fully renewables is doable.

“There is enough technology and software out there to actually give you a forecast of when the asset would be generating. This isn’t difficult to integrate, which is why we’re seeing markets like Costa Rica, for example, where they have 100 percent renewable energy. So certainly feasible. Technology and software make it feasible,” Ahmed said.

“In some countries now, their problem is how to utilize excess renewables. For example, in Germany, there are times they have too much renewables so they have to pay consumers to get the power. At the same time, they are exploring “Power-to-X” that is converting excess renewable—for example, using it for electrolysis to get hydrogen per water and storing hydrogen. So these are the long-term future energy trends, where all renewables can be tapped and no need for fossil fuel,”
ATTY. PETE MANIEGO, CLIMATE REALITY LEADER

Atty. Pete Maniego, Climate Reality Leader and former NREB Chairperson, highlighted the need to shift to flexible, distributed, and decentralized renewable energy generation to address stability and supply concerns. He also noted the declining cost of batteries, which will address variability issues.

“In some countries now, their problem is how to utilize excess renewables. For example, in Germany, there are times they have too much renewables so they have to pay consumers to get the power. At the same time, they are exploring “Power-to-X” that is converting excess renewable—for example, using it for electrolysis to get hydrogen per water and storing hydrogen. So these are the long-term future energy trends, where all renewables can be tapped and no need for fossil fuel,” Maniego said.

Aside from the viability of transitioning to fully renewable, experts also discussed the need to harness liquefied natural gas (LNG) as a transition energy source in the country.

Maniego emphasized that the use of LNG is just a bridge to going fully renewable. “There should be an end to the bridge. We will need it probably until the cost of battery really drops to very low levels and we have enough pumped hydro developed to store [excess renewable energy]. Until we have so many distributed renewable energy, like wind and solar, we will need a transition fuel,” he said.

“Natural gas makes a lot of sense in some parts of the country. I, for one, have always championed the use of natural gas, for example, in the Mindanao grid, because of the need to support hydro in Mindanao which declines in the summer season,” Dalusung said.

“But we are not talking of natural gas replacing coal,” he warned, explaining that combined-cycle gas turbines (CCGTs) will just be stranded assets in the future together with coal-fired power plants. “If it is CCGT, it is not the kind of power plant that we need,” he added.

Ahmed said that if private companies will continue to invest in CCGTs, they should be willing to take the stranded asset risk equitably rather than passing them on to consumers. “No longer should that volatility shift to consumers. They should be open to curtailment if they are deemed uncompetitive. This is something we should champion—the equitable risk-sharing part of new energy capacity, especially on CCGT plans on the pipeline,” she said.

In relation to this, Nazrin Castro, Manager of the Philippine Branch of the Climate Reality Project, said that they will mobilize Batangas-based Climate Reality Leaders to conduct a survey that will help gauge the sentiments of residents on the development of CCGTs and interim offshore LNG terminals in the province.

The said survey will complement the upcoming energy transition research of the Branch that is intended to generate clear information on opportunities and options to access cheaper, reliable, and domestically sourced energy.

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Blog Post

The Climate Reality Project Philippines and Indonesia Youth towards a Unified Southeast Asian Movement to Address the Climate Crisis

The Climate Reality Project Philippines and Indonesia Youth towards a Unified Southeast Asian Movement to Address the Climate Crisis

“Sang-ayon po kami sa kaunlaran. ‘Yung kaunlaran po na tinutukoy mo, iba doon sa kaunlaran para sa amin. Ang kaunlaran para sa amin ay pagyamanin namin ang kabundukan at karagatan. ‘Yun po ang gusto namin mangyari.” – Vic, a Dumagat tribesman from the Philippines, as featured in Viewfinder Asia’s The March to Progress in the Philippines

 

[Translation: “We indigenous people also want progress. But your idea of progress is different from our idea of progress. Progress for us means taking care of our lands and our seas.”]

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The neighboring Southeast Asian countries of the Philippines and Indonesia have a lot in common. Both are home to numerous indigenous peoples, the guardians of global biodiversity. Both also share the center of the world’s marine biodiversity – The Coral Triangle, home to 76% of the world’s coral species, six out of the world’s seven marine turtle species, a fifth of the global tuna catch, and the largest fish in the world (the Whale Shark). However, our ecosystems are continuously threatened by the impacts of the climate crisis and exploitative companies. Many of our native wildlife are endangered due to habitat destruction, deforestation, and poaching. Our waters suffer from bleaching, ocean acidification, and the imported excess plastic pollution of developed countries, which can all be traced back to the fossil fuel industry. This, in turn, impacts our people, many of which populate our extensive coastlines or belong to the agricultural sector; and thus rely on the health of our sea and our land for protection, food and income. As the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change has reported, our countries are truly particularly vulnerable to climate change.

We young Climate Reality Leaders from the Philippines and Indonesia are thus working to shed light on and contribute to solving these issues, as we move towards a unified Southeast Asian youth movement to address the climate crisis. If the youth from our two countries can find our vast common ground, then we can surely invite youth from the rest of Southeast Asia to join the fight. We share so much, especially our vulnerabilities, and this should unite us. Climate solutions cannot and should not  be carried out by only one or two countries, but by a handful with committed risk takers in them.

With our partnership, we aim to empower youth coming from all sectors, interests, expertise, and backgrounds to understand where, when and why they need to take climate action and how they can do so. Moreover, we aim to build our collaboration so that it can grow to be a platform for Southeast Asian youth to express their concerns and for us to amplify these to stakeholders. 

The youth have the creativity, passion, and capability to lead on climate. We understand the urgency of the crisis we face and that the consequences will be evident in our lifetime. Increasing numbers of us are realizing that the adults have taken too long to act, and our distress towards decision-makers in business and government are driving us to take matters into our own hands. As we shy away from the conventional norms that have led us to the crisis we’re experiencing today, the community of youth has become the incubation of new ideas and solutions. Youth Strike For Climate Philippines, Young Advocates for Climate Action Philippines, For The Future and Kids for Kids from the Philippines as well as EwasteRJ and Teens Go Green from Indonesia are great examples among many amazing stories on influential and impactful youth-led climate action. These organizations have succeeded in bringing more young people on board, to care about the environment and the climate. They have inspired their fellow youth to affect change, from the day-to-day choices they make to participation in national and global policy-making.

Here at the youth communities of The Climate Reality Project Philippines and Indonesia, we have also begun identifying our initiatives for people and planet, and are now laying a positive and grounded foundation for our partnership. We’ve led Focus Group Discussions on the different crises we experience as nations of Southeast Asia. We’ve hosted networking sessions in which our members are encouraged to build relationships and collaborations at the same time. As a special event for Earth Day 2021, we’ve also worked together for a webcast that featured changemakers from both our countries. Our upcoming projects include a climate camp and a shared podcast amplifying the work of youth leaders and organizations doing the work on the ground. Moving forward, storytelling will play a key role in our efforts to inspire others to create change in their own communities. We also keep in mind that inclusivity and impact must be key components of our events, so young leaders can truly feel the difference they’ve made and stay driven. We are continuously exploring different delivery methods and platforms, including movie nights and game nights, to keep our collaboration engaging, as we intend to sustain this partnership. To sustain means to keep our fire burning, and that lies in the support that all members can give to our shared work and to each other. Fighting the climate crisis takes its toll but having a network of inspired and dedicated individuals to come back to gives us our own form of energy that is always renewable.

We, the youth, are ready to lead on climate. We have been for a long time. We thus implore business and government leaders alike: work with us. We are using our voices to scream at the top of our lungs what it is that we want and that we all need – a sustainable livable planet, and a transition to it that leaves no one behind. There is no money for dead people on a dead planet.

This International Day of Biodiversity, we call on everyone to return to our roots and return home to our Mother. Our world is so beautiful and abundant, if we only use the resources that she gives us properly. We must do what we can to protect what we have and restore what we’ve lost. And we must remember that we can’t do it alone. We, all of us doing our part – from the personal level to the institutional and systemic levels in business and government – are stronger together. We must be for nature, because we are nature.

As Chief Seattle of the Suquamish and Duwamish tribes said, “Man does not weave this web of life. He is merely a strand of it. Whatever he does to the web, he does to himself.”

 

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Statements

Young Climate Reality Leaders on the Planned Nayong Pilipino Mega-Vaccination Facility

Young Climate Reality Leaders on the Planned Nayong Pilipino Mega-Vaccination Facility

The Youth Cluster of The Climate Reality Project Philippines supports a faster pace of vaccination in our country, ensuring that every Filipino has fair access to safe and effective vaccines. As the Philippines and majority of the world continue to suffer from the COVID-19 pandemic, this key solution must be a priority. Building a centralized mega-vaccination facility, however, will not achieve this.

Instead, it will make access to vaccines more difficult, increase vaccine inequity and destroy one of the last remaining green spaces in the metropolis. This facility threatens not only the health and well-being of nearby communities, but also the ecosystem’s thriving biodiversity. We thus urge authorities to hold calculated and strategic planning rather than hastily implementing big projects such as the proposed.

As revealed by a National SWS Survey in November of last year, only 3% of Filipinos travel by car. This means most of the Filipino population belongs to the commuting public, to whom the proposed mega-vaccination center will be practically inaccessible.

Aside from magnifying vaccine inequity, this project would further diminish our already decreasing green spaces that serve as carbon sinks. Our country’s recently submitted Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) towards curbing global carbon emissions includes protecting the integrity of ecosystems—a commitment added upon consultation with the Filipino youth. The expected high-volume activities on Nayong Pilipino’s Healing Forest, such as the construction of additional pavements, roads, and other structures would disrupt its natural ecosystem. 

We echo the suggestions of professional urban planners in using existing paved areas and facilities instead, which are located in more accessible or walkable areas, for our vaccination efforts. We are also one with many civil society organizations (CSOs) in calling for solutions that put first the convenience and safety of our countrymen, especially now that we are anticipating the arrival of more vaccines while the ones we already have are soon to expire before they are used.

With these things in mind, we call on the government to reevaluate this project and make sure that the vaccination plan considers the welfare of all Filipinos. We believe that the national government should instead repurpose existing facilities, such as schools, gymnasiums, parking lots, golf courses, and other spaces across the country to make vaccines more accessible. Finally, we call for proper coordination of all concerned agencies so our country could benefit from a holistic and just pandemic recovery.

Our way out of the global health emergency must not be at the expense of the environment. Truthfully, it is this disregard for the environment that plunged us into this pandemic in the first place. We humans must learn to not only coexist with nature, but to respect nature, for our well-being is so intricately interlinked with it. Indeed, the only real recovery is one that is just and one that is green.